Measurements and simulations of aerosol released while singing and playing wind instruments
نویسندگان
چکیده
Outbreaks from choirs showed that singing brings potential risk of COVID-19 infection. There is less known about the risks airborne infection other musical performance, such as playing wind instruments or performing theatre. In addition, it important to understand methods reduce risk. this study, we used a variety methods, including flow visualization, aerosol and CO2 measurements, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling different components can lead transmission performance mitigation. This study was possible because partnership across academic departments institutions collaboration with National Federation State High School Associations College Band Directors Association. Funding for project provided by an international coalition music organizations. We found plumes were highly directional, unsteady, vary considerably in time space. Aerosol number concentration measured at bell clarinet comparable singing. Face masks attenuated plume velocities lengths decreased concentrations front masks. CFD differences between indoor outdoor environments lowest occurred than 30 min exposure indoors 60 minutes outdoors.
منابع مشابه
The role of vocal tract resonances in singing and in playing wind instruments
The different vowel sounds in normal speech are produced by adjusting the position of tongue, lips and teeth so that the vocal tract resonates at certain specific frequencies. In voiced speech, these resonances interact with the harmonics of the lower frequency signal from the vibrating vocal folds to produce associated peaks, or formants, in the output spectrum. Singers sometimes use these res...
متن کاملVocal tract resonances in speech, singing, and playing musical instruments.
IN BOTH THE VOICE AND MUSICAL WIND INSTRUMENTS, A VALVE (VOCAL FOLDS, LIPS, OR REED) LIES BETWEEN AN UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM DUCT: trachea and vocal tract for the voice; vocal tract and bore for the instrument. Examining the structural similarities and functional differences gives insight into their operation and the duct-valve interactions. In speech and singing, vocal tract resonances usually...
متن کاملeffectiveness of hedstroum files and rotary k3 instruments in removal of obturation materials during retreatment in curved canals
چکیده ندارد.
15 صفحه اولpostnatal studies of bats (pipistrellus kuhlii and miniopterus schreibersii) & histomorphology and histochemistry studies of organs and diseases of (neurergus microspilotus and n. kaiseri)
1. to determine whether difference in birth body mass influenced growth performance in pipistrellus kuhlii we studied a total of 12 captive-born neonates. bats were assigned to two body mass groups: light birth body mass (lbw: 0.89 ± 0.05, n=8) and heavy birth body mass (hbw: 1.35 ± 0.08, n=4). heavier body mass at birth was associated with rapid postnatal growth (body mass and forearm length) ...
existence and approximate $l^{p}$ and continuous solution of nonlinear integral equations of the hammerstein and volterra types
بسیاری از پدیده ها در جهان ما اساساً غیرخطی هستند، و توسط معادلات غیرخطی بیان شده اند. از آنجا که ظهور کامپیوترهای رقمی با عملکرد بالا، حل مسایل خطی را آسان تر می کند. با این حال، به طور کلی به دست آوردن جوابهای دقیق از مسایل غیرخطی دشوار است. روش عددی، به طور کلی محاسبه پیچیده مسایل غیرخطی را اداره می کند. با این حال، دادن نقاط به یک منحنی و به دست آوردن منحنی کامل که اغلب پرهزینه و ...
15 صفحه اولذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['0001-4966', '1520-9024', '1520-8524']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0008024